Comparison of short-term results: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) vs laparoscopic roux-en-y gastric bypass (LRYGB)

INTRODUCTION: In this study, it was aimed to compare the short-term results of the effects of LSG and LRYGB procedures on weight loss, laboratory parameters and comorbidities.
METHODS: This retrospective study (February 2021-August 2022) includes the prospectively collected data of the 1-year postoperative follow-up of patients who underwent LSG and LRYGB for morbid obesity. EWL%, the percentage of patients who were successful, laboratory parameters of patients and effects on comorbidities were compared between the groups.
RESULTS: When the two surgical techniques were compared in terms of the changes in fasting glucose, liver function tests, kidney function tests, lipid profile (HDL, LDL, cholesterol, triglyceride) and EWL% in both 6th months and 12th months after surgery, no significant difference was found. In the 1-year results, we detected a significant decrease weight, fasting glucose, creatinine, cholesterol, trigliseride values as well as a significant increase in HDL value in LRYGB group (p=0.001, p=0.004, p=0.023, p=0.039, p=0.004, p=0.002 respectively). No significant decrease in the need for medication in DM, HT and HL. In the 1-year results, we detected significant weight loss, decreased fasting glucose, AST, ALT, Trigliseride, TSH, as well as an increase in HDL in LSG group (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.006, and p<0.001 respectively). It is found that LSG significantly reduced the need for medication in DM, HT and HL.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Both LSG and LRYGB have effective results on weight loss at the sixth month and first year follow-up. Without superiority between them, both procedures revealed improvements in liver enzymes, lipid profile and thyroid function tests.